Modifiers in Detail
How the glottal stop, acute accent, and diaeresis marks change sound without adding new letters.
Four modifier marks sit beside base vowels; they are small on the page but loud in real speech.
Modifiers are partners, not exceptions
A modifier changes the vowel next to it; the spelling still uses familiar base letters.
The four modifier marks
The glottal stop marks a crisp throat closure after a vowel.
Thursday
Glottal stop after k in a common word.
The acute accent on a lengthens the vowel quality.
hole
Acute a in a word with ğ.
Diaeresis marks on u and ö front and round the vowel.
thick
Front rounded ü in a short word.
stone
Front rounded ö in a short word.
Hear the change in context
Play the example words slowly, then read the same syllable without the modifier to feel the contrast.
its color is green
Front rounded vowels in a short sentence.
a long (far) road
Glottal stop in a short sentence.
Which modifier marks a glottal stop?
The apostrophe-like mark after a vowel.
Practice paths
Mission 2 introduces the four modifiers; Arena speed and fill-in games reuse them for recognition drills.